Why Insecurity thriving in Southern Nigeria – Expert

A Professor of Strategic studies, Prof Patrick Oromareghake JP, has identified worsening economic hardship, youth unemployment and poor governance as some of the major factors fueling insecurity across Southern Nigeria.

Speaking to DAILY South Nigeria during a chat recently, the Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences, Southern Delta University, said the deteriorating economic situation has pushed many vulnerable young people into criminal activities as a means of survival.

According to him, widespread poverty, rising cost of living and governments' inability to adequately respond to the economic needs of citizens have created conditions that encourage crimes such as kidnapping, armed robbery and other violent offences.

Professor Oromareghake also linked the trend to the frustration-aggression theory, explaining that many educated but unemployed graduates, frustrated by the lack of meaningful opportunities, are increasingly turning to criminal activities. He noted that kidnapping has, in some instances, evolved into what he described as "an emerging industry."

The professor further attributed the security challenges to poor governance, citing corruption, mismanagement of public resources and waste of national wealth as factors that have weakened public institutions and reduced citizens' confidence in government.

He also referenced the failed state perspective, arguing that insecurity thrives when government is unable to effectively perform its constitutional responsibility of protecting lives and property. According to him, the breakdown of law and order and the inability of security agencies to effectively contain criminal activities create an environment where criminal elements operate with little resistance.

On the way forward, Professor Patrick urged governments at all levels to address the root causes of insecurity by revitalizing the economy, investing in critical infrastructure and strengthening key institutions.

He also called for the modernization and improved funding of the nation's security architecture, stressing that security agencies must be empowered to effectively safeguard lives and property.

The Strategist and Community leader further recommended deliberate youth empowerment programmes, employment opportunities and value reorientation initiatives to discourage young people from engaging in crime.

He added that strict adherence to the rule of law remains essential, noting that ensuring justice and accountability would serve as a strong deterrent against criminality and contribute to restoring peace and stability across the country.

While experts continue to advocate addressing the root causes of insecurity through economic reforms, improved governance and youth empowerment, some state governments have also intensified legal measures to deter violent crimes.

Across Southern Nigeria, several states have enacted anti-kidnapping laws prescribing severe punishments, including life imprisonment or, in some cases, the death penalty under specified circumstances.

However, Edo's recent establishment of a dedicated Special Criminal Court to exclusively handle kidnapping and cultism cases is among the most notable and coordinated judicial responses in the region. Other states have largely relied on existing High Courts and strengthened security operations rather than creating similar specialist courts.

The concerns raised by Professor Patrick come as security agencies continue efforts to combat kidnapping across the country. In a recent operation, Nigerian security forces rescued dozens of pupils and teachers who were abducted from schools in Oyo State after spending more than 50 days in captivity.

Authorities also announced the arrest of several suspected kidnappers, a development government officials described as a major breakthrough in the fight against violent crime.